Is Your Pet Depressed?

Pet lovers will tell you without hesitation that having a furry friend to love and care for brings incredible joy and can work wonders for individual well-being – and they’re often quick to whip out their mobile to show you endless pics of their adored companion (whether you want to see them or not!).

Research backs up the benefits pets bring.

A 2023 poll by the American Psychiatric Association found that 86% of pet owners reported their pets positively impacted their mental health, providing stress relief, companionship, and unconditional love. Dogs and cats were equally cherished, with 87% of dog owners and 86% of cat owners praising their four-legged family members, and 88% of all pet owners considering their animals part of the family.

But what about our pets’ mental health? While we don’t commonly speak about depression per se in our pets, many do present with mental and emotional problems such as fears, phobias, severe distress or panic disorders, anxiety disorders and abnormal repetitive or compulsive behaviours. For example, studies show that 99.12% of dogs exhibit at least one moderately serious behavioural problem.

In the UAE, where pet ownership has surged by over 30% since the pandemic, the issue is particularly relevant as more households welcome pets into their lives. This increase highlights the importance of understanding and addressing our pets' emotional well-being.

// What causes emotional ill health in pets?

Several factors contribute to ‘depression’ in pets. Selective breeding for specific characteristics can unintentionally amplify vulnerabilities to stress and anxiety. Genetics plays a key role, with fears, anxiety, and other emotional disorders often linked to hereditary traits, while understanding your dog’s behavioural tendencies and characteristics can help you to support their needs and provide the right stimulation.

Early life experiences are equally critical.

Puppies (3–16 weeks) and kittens (2–9 weeks) go through sensitive socialisation periods that shape their development. Negative or limited experiences during these stages can have lasting effects on their mental health. As they get older, pets continue to learn throughout their lives, and repeated negative experiences or punishment-based training methods can lead to emotional distress.

Lastly, the environment is a major factor. When a pet’s physical, social, and behavioural needs aren’t met, they may face emotional challenges. A stable, nurturing environment is essential for them to thrive.

// Recognising the signs

If you’re a pet owner, you might now be wondering, “Could my pet be suffering from an emotional health disorder, without me realising it?” It’s a valid concern – our furry friends can’t tell us how they’re feeling, so it’s up to us to observe their behaviour.

Signs of emotional ill health can vary widely. Some pets become withdrawn, avoiding interaction with people, other animals, or their surroundings. Others may react with aggressive or defensive behaviour. Displacement behaviours – like a cat obsessively overgrooming (once medical issues are ruled out) – are another indicator. Paying attention to these cues can make all the difference in recognising when your pet needs support.

// Helping pets overcome emotional health disorders

Supporting a pet’s mental health starts with understanding their needs. Learn to recognise what’s normal for your furry friend, their behaviours, emotions, and ways of expressing themselves. Meeting these needs while respecting their feelings creates a safe and happy environment.

If your pet shows signs of emotional distress, it’s not a reflection of your care but a signal that they might need additional support.

// Ask the experts

Professional help is key for pets diagnosed with mental health disorders.

Veterinary Behaviour Specialists, or Veterinary Psychiatrists, are experts in addressing complex emotional challenges. They’re especially valuable when pets struggle to cope with certain situations, pose risks to themselves or others, or exhibit behaviours that compromise their welfare or impact family dynamics.

Treatment plans for pet depression are holistic, targeting both physical and emotional well-being. They often begin with a thorough veterinary assessment to rule out underlying medical conditions that could contribute to behavioural changes. Environmental management is key, ensuring pets have a safe, enriching space that meets their physical and social needs.

Behaviour modification techniques, such as positive reinforcement training, help address specific issues while building trust and confidence. Nutritional support, including specialised diets and supplements, can also play a role in improving mood and overall health.

In some cases, psychopharmaceutical medications may be prescribed under the strict supervision of a Veterinary Behaviourist. These medications, often used alongside other treatments, can help regulate mood and reduce anxiety.

While treatment is often ongoing, studies show that with consistent care and a tailored approach, many pets can recover and lead happier, healthier lives. Early intervention and collaboration with professionals are crucial for long-term success.

// Dr Katrin Jahn, Specialist in Veterinary Behavioural Medicine and Owner of The German Veterinary Clinic